Oil-burning internal-combustion engine.



F.1.KIMBALL. OIL BU RNING JNTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

1 APPLICATION FILED JUNE 27.19M- 1,232,692. Patented July 10, 1917.

2 SHEETS SHEET I.

F. J. KIMBALL.

0H. BURNlNG INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, l9l4.

Patented July 10, 1917.

2 SHEETS--SNEET 2.

. viclo. an i tern 11c ti0n,is tq insilrjcpmpjlg I 2-5 fuelis admitted the mumx .ifxmmnL, or Lbs menus, 61111503814,- isiqn'mnioliimp;

adapted tqiug i, i hydrocarbons Without" Theaccompahymg draw embodiment, of my: inventigm'gn e:

Fi'gumjlis a partly broken Fig.3 is as u an! stgd pymem m;

- definite high engine shaft 2 throl g through connections 48 tirely high pressure, 'sufiieient to pressure, sa one hundred pounds persquare inch. llie piston 29 of pump -301nay be it) on aehaft 41'w1ieh is driven from the igh suitable chain gearmg 4301- otherwise. This shaftil may also serve through gearing 42 eritor 4-1 which, through connections. 45, 46, controls the throttle 28 aforesaid, and also, eontrols a throttle 49, for the carburetor 32. The pum J 30 is of small capacity eompared to the cyiinders 3 and 4, so-that the mixture of air and fuel in pump 30 may be raisedtherein to a role- 7 vaporize the fuel by the heat ot-eompressim1, without, rei air ng the expenditure of more than a sn'ialipgirtiou of the work lgine sueh smallcapaeity of the pump 30 2o rendered possible by the fact that only vii'led in tl normally be '40 dueing, a spark at charge is ignited ton" opens the pt wire '6 main eyli ulel sutlieieut air is-eompressed therein to serie. asja carrier and vaporizing medium iorthe A sup 1e cylinder 3, in position to'be a loat-d by" the piston at an intermediate point on its instroke,J- say at about, half -.stroke, saidport communicating with an exmust-passage 51 Id closed by a spring and opened'by the operation of the engine, duringei limited timeju each instroke oft he piston, for examplmby a lever engaging the stem- 52 of saidralre and connected by an eeeeutrie 57, You the shaft. 41 aforesaid.

Suitable ignition .lueaus is provided, for example, a spark plug fit), in the firing eham- 'ber 15!. and means connected thereto for pm-.

the proper moment. The operation is as follows: Assuming that the main evlinder inward oreompressiim stroke, and has'eom pressed a. charge of mi xt.ure,"th is emu-pressed bv i mition means 60, and

the high pressure due to the eombustion of the mixture drives the piston forward, on"

expansion stroke; and sub end of'this stroke t-he1piS-- arts 10- and 17, allowing air to blow through the cylinder 3,: from the erank ease 1, so as to eti'eet a ]u'eli1niuar srareugiug of the eylinder. During t is expansion stroke, the supplemeuta-ryexhaust 52 is held el osed by its spring 5'3, and e pressure in the'eylini ler. The] has in the preeedii'ig iIISlI'. eharge ofair in the; storage and when the pressure infthe 3; falls, on opening tl its outward Y or stantially at the i-ompressed cham er 2].

lulu-st port 1.7, pres fure of this compressed storageehauiber. :l'il( l|l surh compressed air .to' pass into the eyliuder 3.

"eoiul'lressetl aiir wot-pg operated by an eccentric to, drive thegov "done by the en Dlriuentary exhaust port 50 is proprovided with a alre "is at. the end of the bastion, is that .it. permit ieie'xvalve Fifi IH opened by the air from said The first I through the ey-liuder while the port 17 is still open. and at the first portion of the-instroke ofthe pi supplementary exhaust by the eughie-operatei seribed,.aml a further passes into tlieevliuder I01 Q-i while said valve remail'uler oi the .l'oul the exhaust port 50. p'rolou{ the period of able point in the at roke erably before it closes exhaust port 50, udai't eharge offeompressml t the. storage ehamber i the pump 30. on its d sion stroke, develope Hi the mixture of fuel and to lift the 'ab'e 35 and pressed mixture. of. air one hundred pounds pe iujeeted into the firing inder 3, thismixture' nt her substantially in the gas andair by reason ture thereof due to row balauee of the air en through the inlet valve ehamber 2- As soonpiston in its-inward w exhaust.

ot'thepwton 5, pref :10. and this mixture being diluted ston 5, the valve 52 for the port 50 is opened 1 means above deportion oi. the air .3 from storage chamis open, blowing the.

gases out tluouglr hieh thus serves to At a suitthe supplementary er about half of. the dr has passed from nto the ,eylinder 3.

ard or compresiilieient p uessure on air pumped thereby, cause a highly romand fuel, say about r square hub, to be chamber 19 of eylering the said eham state of mixed fuel of the high tempera n'ession in. the pump teriu the eylinder 15 fun in the storage as.or shortly after the stroke, eloses the sup pleiuentary exhaust portffit) the pressure in the eyliuder rises to eq in the storage chamber librium with that and the valve 15 closes. the further movement of the piston the n der 3 until the el stroke.

Put to theeylinder then r-ontai pressed eha rg'e, ready for a rope itted only .duriu; tl

ixture in the eylin- 'the low nine; a eomtitien of the fuel and air isutliwith the a rd or hark pro-ignition by the to eompressiom but xture when diluted cylinder.

age of the above dcoperatien wherein the eom pressed a ir and e \'linder- 3 in dependair supply for posi for supporting.eom-

s of a. sharp demarca nd fuel supply and iositive seavenging of n'pressed air supply insure that no eombe wasted by outflow of th s method of Iel and air mixture.

is retained in eouietal walls of the tune than when all admitted fogeth fi no latter part g prcssion, the pi .35 space at full com pri thereby enabling 'coi'n 'n'ession to a higher pressure without danger of premature ignition, and corrcspondingly i ncreasing the fuel economy f the engine. This economizing 5 action may be still further increased by so timing thc operatioi'i of the air and fuel.

compressiim pump that-compressedmixture of an and fuel w llvcontmue to be forced into the cylinder re from the pump being sufficient to overcome the pressure in the cylinder during the first partol" the compicssi'on, thcmhy producing a further compressing effect in. the cylinder and a retard a i, ion of enr cl'imcnt oil. the mixture thereln till the lust possible moment, so, as to still further shorten the time of exposure of the fuel to the hot metal, and permit of high compression Without pi'-e-igni.tion. It Willhe is understood that since only a partial cylinder 'pacity of the cylinder is used for expansion, thematic -'o'f"expansion of the burnt gases'to 3c the iiompression"of" the mixture is extremely i higliwitli this meth'odof operation, resulting in correspondingly high efficiency.

lilydra'wing in thc fuel together with air from a carliureter bv the umo and com 115 pressing the fuel and air, mixture to a moderately high pressure and: correspondingly hi gli temperature, I am. enabled to use as a fuel, a low grade hydrocarbon, for example twenty-eight gravity asphalt base oil, and

40 to force it into the cylinder in condition in which it is effectively taken. up and mixed with the combustion supporting air, precedent to or during the compression in the cylinder, so that when. fully compressed it is burnt Without carhonization or Waste. In

this manner I utilize a cheap grade of fuel, without the necessity of using high comprcssion compressors such as are generally used with such fuel, for pulveriz'atlon and E c injection thereof.

hat I claim is:

1. In an internal combustion. engine, a, coi'nhustion cylinder, a piston Working there in, means for supplying fresh. air to the 5 cylinder at the beginningof the compression stroke, a-pump of small capacity rein tively to said cylinder, means for supplying a mixture of air and liquid fuel to said pump, said pump haviug its outletconnected to the cylinder adiacent to the freshai supply means for said cylinder, and said pump being connected for operation by said piston to' cause a. mixture of liquid-fuel and air to. be compressed therein. to sufiicient pressure to vaporize the liquid fuel by the during the actual coin heat of compression and'to force the i pressed mixture into the fresh eir'i after. it

has entered the cylinfler,.and into the cylin der during compression, m 2.-In an nternal combust on engine, fa; combustion cylinder, a p stonworkmg there in, means for'supplymg fresh air" to theh cylinder at the beginning of the compres sion stroke, a aump of small cupeclty relative to said cyinder and developing an ex cess pressure relatively to said cylinder durw ving part ofits compression stroke, means fol-supplying a mixture of air andliquid fuel to said pump, said pump having its outlet connected to the cylindecadjccent to,

the fresh air supply means for said cylinder, r? Y and said pump being connected for :0PB Ilh tion by said 1 piston to cause a mixture of liquid fuel and air to be compressed therein to snliicicnt pressure to vaporize the liquid- :fucl by the heat of compression and to fo'rcc the compressed mixtureinto the fresh air after it has enteredthe cylinder-and. into the cylinder duringqmrt of its compression stroke. V v i 3. In an internal combustion eng ne, a

cylinder and a piston yvorki-ngthercin, said 1 I 'Oy11ndGXf11'flVlDg an exhaust port opened at;

the end of the expansionstroke, means for compressing an at low pressure, means for admitting such compresscd- ,a1r to the said,

cylinder during the compression stroke, and,

a, pum havin its outlet connected to the cylinder cdjaocntthemeans for admitting air to said cylinder and having'its inlet pro-i vided' with means for supplying a mixture of air and liquid fuel, said'pump being of relatively small capacity compared to said cylinder and developing an excess pressure relatively to said cylinder during part of its compression stroke, and being connected for, operation'by theengine during the compression stroke to compress the mixture of air and liquid fuel to suflieiently high pressure to vaporize the .fuel by the heat ofcompression, and to'force such compressed mixture, while still at high temperature, into" the air after it has entered said cylinder during the compression stroke, and into. the

cylinder duringthe compression stroke, in:

dependently of the low pressure compressed-- air supply to the cylinder. V

4. In. an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder and a piston work ing therein, said cylinder being provided with exhaust and preliminary scavenging.

air inlet 'ports opened by the piston at the .end

of its expansion stroke, and with a main air in etport, means operated by'the engine for supplying scavenging air to said preliminary scavenging air inlet port \when it is opened by the piston, means for supplying compressed a-ir to the main air inlet port,

during the compression stroke, and means for supplying fuel adjacent to the main air inlet portof the cylinder durin the compression stroke, independent 0 the compressed air supply.

5C In an internal combustion engine, a main cylinder, a piston working therein, said cylinder bein provided with an exhaust port opcn'ed %y the piston at the-end of the expansion stroke, a low pressure cylinder and a, piston working therein and connected to the aforesaid. piston to compress air in the low pressure cylinder on the compression stroke muiu ey iuder, a storage means connected to receive the compressed air from said low pressure cylinder, a main air inlet valve for the main cylinder, for admitting compressed air thereto from said storage means during the first part of .the compression stroke, supplemeutarv exhaust means for the main I t i v 'cvhnder for maintaining an open exhaust therefor during the first vpart of the compression stroke and for closing such-exhaust during the balance of the compression stroke and substantially all of the expansion stroke, and means for compressing a mixture of fuel and air to high pressure and supplying such compressed mixture to the main cylinder during the latter part of the time of supply of compressed air thereto, and independently of such compressed air supply. 6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and a piston herein, said cylinder having exworking t haust and scavenging inlet ports opened by ofthe piston in the i the movement of the piston at the end of its expansion stroke, valve means operated by the engine. to open an exhaust connection during the first part of the compression stroke of the piston, and to close such exhaust connection during the remainder of the compression stroke and substantially all of the expansion stroke, means operated by the engine for compressing scavenging air in the expansion stroke of the piston and blowing it through said scavenginginlet and exhaust ports, at the end of the expansion stroke, a storage chamber, means operated by the engine, in its compression stroke, for compressing air into said storage chamber, a connection including a spring controlled valve, between said storage chamber .and said cylinder, to admit compressed air to the cylinder only on a definite excess of pressure of such air over the pressure in the cylinder, and means for supplying a compressed mixture of air and fuel to the cylinder, independently of said compressed air supply, part of the period of admission of such compressed air.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at Los Angeles, California, this 22nd day of June .1914.

FRANK J. KIMBALL.

Witnesses:

C. E. ALLYN, A. P. KNIGHT.

of supplementary exhaust during the latter- 

